Following World War II, China underwent a bloody civil war resulting in a split between nationalist and leftist factions, leading to the establishment of the People's Republic of China and subsequent annexation of neighboring territories, raising concerns for India's borders, ultimately prompting India to secure Tawang under its control.So, the Democratic Republic of China, I mean when when China was ruled by Chiang Kai-shek, at that time China was an American ally or we may call it a staunch Western ally. So, China fought the Imperial Japan during World War II.But at the same time, another Chinese revolutionary leader, I mean a Marxist leader, Mao Zedong also launched an armed struggle to capture power.So, he was influenced by Russian Bolshevik revolution. So, he created his own red army with millions followers, with million volunteers, and he launched a long march to capture power.So, result was a bloody civil war between nationalist Chinese and leftist Chinese. So, definitely Americans and British supported the nationalist China, and after defeat of Japan, it was thought that the nationalist Chinese would be able to sustain for a longer period, but that did not happen.So, finally, the Mao Zedong's huge army entered into then Chinese capital Peking, now it is known as Beijing, in 1949.And on 1st October 1949, China was proclaimed as the People's Republic of China.And Chiang Kai-shek fled to today's Taiwan.So, China was officially splitted into two states.But the communist after seizing the power had adopted the policy of imperialism and expan I mean expansionist policy, what is known as at that time. So, today's Xinjiang, another Chinese province, Western province, basically the peoples of Xinjiang are not Chinese, rather they are the Turkic people and that province was annexed. Next the Chinese annexed Tibet. So, after annex after annexing Tibet the China became India's neighbor. For thousands years China was never a neighbor of India.So, once the Tibet was annexed and occupied by the Chinese, suddenly the Chinese became our neighbors. But the government of India at that time was not in a position to prevent Chinese policy of annexing Tibet because at that time India lacked the military capabilities, and without American support, it was not possible for India to defend Tibetans against Chinese army.I mean red army or what is known as I mean today's Chinese army is known as PLA, People's I mean, Liberation Army, PLA. So, PLA is the only army that remain loyal to the political party, not to the state. So, once the Tibet became a part of China, that to through force, the Indian state was alarmed.The next target would be Ladakh and NEFA, today's Arunachal.So, at that time Indian army was too weak to fight the Chinese, but NEFA was a part of India, that became a part of India after departure of British.But today's Tawang bound I mean now Tawang is a district of Arunachal. So, at that time Tawang was neither a part of India nor a part of Tibet, rather we may call it it was a Tibetan protectorate because Tawang had religious connection with Tibet. Because Tawang was even is a a holiest place of Buddhism, and we all know that the Tibetans are followers of Buddhism.And distance from Tawang to Lhasa is not so long, few hundred kilometers journey from Tawang, so anyone can reach Lhasa. So, Tawang was the most vulnerable part from India's point of view and naturally the Chinese set their eyes on Tawang because Tawang was not a part of China, I mean Tibet at that time, rather Tawang remain I mean at that time Tawang was a semi-autonomous region. The Tibetans sent some local Tibetan administrators to rule the Tawang because the Tawang monastery was also revered by the Tibetan Buddhist.So, Chinese were setting their eyes on Tawang at that time.The we did not have any intelligence agencies to provides us inputs.But fortunately one Parsi officer of Home Ministry, his name was some Rustamji.So, he immediately sent a letter to then Assam governor.So, from my memory I can say that his name was Jairamji Daulatji.In 1949 or 1950.So, the governor was instructed by the home secretary or a top level officer officer of that Home Ministry to take immediate steps to annex Tawang, to occupy Tawang, whatsoever. So, we all know that in August 1950, the Assam was devastated by a massive earthquake. At that time Arunachal, I mean today's Arunachal, at that time it was known as NEFA, though it was it was a centrally administered agency, but still it it was officially though it was centrally administered area, but still we may call that at that time the NEFA was a part of Assam. I mean the governor of Assam was also the governor of NEFA.So, Daulatramji was immediately asked to send a force to occupy Tawang or or to bring the Tawang under Indian flag.This man Major Ralegh Khating he was an army officer. At that time he was in Pasighat and he actually was I mean he was actually at that time engaged by the government to provide reliefs to the victims because the Pasighat was severely affected by that earthquake.So, Major Bob Khating was immediately ordered to reach Tawang with a small contingent of Assam Rifles troops. So, I must say I must share this valuable information with the you that Major Bob Khating was born in Senapati district of today's Manipur.He was a Tangkhul Naga and naturally he was a Christian and he actually served the British Indian Army and he fought the Japanese and INA. And he spent several months in Jorhat.Because at that time Jorhat was the main base of British army.So, Bob Khating led a small contingent of Assam Rifles, probably not more than 200 troops, and all were Gurkha soldiers.And at that time the road connection to Tawang was extremely poor. Practically there was no road connection.Despite so many odds against him, so many difficulties.So, after walking on foot probably he was required several weeks to finally in February 1951.So, he reached Tawang with his forces and the tricolor was hoisted and the residents of Tawang welcome him, I mean India, and the local Tibetan administrator fled and Tawang was brought into India's control and Tawang became a part of India. So, this man was forgotten, but later in 1990 he was given he was honored. Though now he is no longer with us, but his contribution would always be remembered just because he was a Naga and a Christian his contribution cannot be forgotten.Thank you.

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