The Jewish people's history of persecution, displacement, and the eventual establishment of the State of Israel are discussed, highlighting key events like the Balfour Declaration, the role of Indian soldiers in liberating Palestine, and the subsequent Arab-Israeli conflict.Do you know that the Jewish race, Jewish people, are the most persecuted people of the world? For thousands of years, they have been persecuted by Romans, Pharaohs, Arabs, Turks. So, all these great powers have been consistently persecuting and killing the followers of Judaism for thousands of years. Only the Persians were exceptions. The Persian people never persecuted the Jews. But these are historical topics. Basically, after the arrival of Christianity and Islam into the Middle East region of Asia, the Jewish people were again persecuted. So, because of consistent persecution, the Jewish people, whose original homeland was in today's Palestine region, or what is known as today's Israel, left their motherland and basically they were forced and they reached Europe, European continent, where they were residing. But the main point is that after the Christianization of the European continent, the Jewish people were again persecuted by the consistent Christian rulers of Europe. So, in Middle East region, after Islamization of the Middle East region, the Jewish people left to reside in Europe, and the European states like Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Ukraine, Russia, France, these states became their homeland for several hundred years. The Jews were Europeanized but not Christianized. So, we all know about Holocaust, 6 million Jews were killed, and a Jewish nationalist movement known as Zionism, I mean feeling of a separate homeland for Jewish people only, that was getting stronger and stronger in 19th century. So again, I am telling you, the today's Middle East region, basically the Palestine region, was the original homeland of Jews, and the famous Jewish king like David, Solomon ruled that region. But because of persecution, they were forced to leave their own motherland. And it is said that it is based on accurate, I mean it is based on accurate information, had the Jewish race not been persecuted for thousands of years, today their population would have been more than five crores. But now the total population of Jewish people in the world are less than 100, I mean 1.6 crore, that is terrible figure. So, out of 1.6 crore Jews, 70 lakh Jews are residing in today's Israel and rest are residing mostly in United States of America. But today I will discuss with you about the birth of Israel. So, first we have to discuss about World War One. In the World War One, that I mean during the period of World War One that had started in 1914 and ended in 1918 with the signing of that armistice by the defeated German state, in 1917 the British government, at that time Britain was a super power, issued a statement and British state announced that it would support the establishment of a Jewish state in the Palestine region. That is known as Balfour Declaration of 1970. Balfour was the foreign minister of Great Britain. So, that was the first step taken by a major power. But remember, at that time Palestine was controlled by Ottoman Turks, the same Ottoman Turks who ruled today's Middle East, parts of North Africa. And at that time Ottoman power was not a major power but still the Ottoman state, I mean Ottoman Turks ruled the vast land of Asia and North Africa. So, Ottoman Turks sided with Germany to recover their lost right. But Ottoman Turks were defeated by the British and France and finally Ottoman Turks state was forced to concede their defeat and the huge empire of Ottoman Turks disappeared from the world map and several new states were born like today's Iraq, Syria, Jordan, Egypt etc. And Britain had the mandate of today's Palestine region. So, British was controlling the Palestine region. But in this respect, I must tell you that the Indian forces, I mean Indian soldiers played a historic role in the liberation of Palestine from the Ottoman Turks rule. Of course, at that time India soldiers means the British Indian troops. So, recently the Israeli state acknowledge the rule Indian soldiers in the liberation movement of Palestine. But at that time, I mean before the birth of Israel, the Palestinian people, they are Arab peoples, were residing in that region. So, probably 80% Palestinian were followers of Sunni Islam and rest were followers of Christianity. So, Christians and Muslims were residing harmoniously in that region. But Balfour Declaration created a major controversy because, because of anti-Semitism which was prevalent among Muslims and Christians. But here Christians are to be excluded, rather Muslims, Arabs. So, who were resenting the British declaration to establish a Jewish state in the Palestinian region? So, I must tell you that Jerusalem, the capital of Israel and Palestine. Remember, Jerusalem is the capital of both Israel and Palestine, though officially Tel Aviv is the capital of Israel, but recently, I mean maybe 10 or 20 years ago, not recently actually, the Israel declared Jerusalem is was its capital. But world community except USA refused to acknowledge it. And in the mean time, Palestinian state also claim that Jerusalem is capital. So, Jerusalem is also the holiest place of three major Abrahamic faiths. So, Jerusalem is the holiest place of Christians where Jesus Christ was crucified. Of course, it is the holiest place of followers of Judaism, I mean Jewish people. And for the followers of Islam, that Al-Aqsa Mosque is the third holiest place, the three great Abrahamic, Abrahamic faiths, I mean Christianity, Judaism and Islam. So, for this three great faiths or religions, so Jerusalem has a historic place. But if you visit Jerusalem, especially the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, you will see that just few meters away from that mosque, ruins of a Jewish temple is still there. There is a great wall and you will see that the black dressed Jewish people pray there and they cry. That is part of their religious belief. Just few yards from that wall, I mean that wall was constructed thousands years ago, there is Al-Aqsa Mosque, I mean Masjid, golden dome Masjid where for Muslims they believe that Prophet Muhammad ascended to the heaven from that place. So, but the Jewish people claims that Al-Aqsa Masjid was built on the ruins of their temple. So, like what happened in Ram Janmabhoomi temple. So, that is the main dispute, I mean religious dispute between Jewish people and followers of Islam. But now that area is controlled by Israel and Christians and Muslim, I mean Jewish are not allowed to enter into Al-Aqsa Mosque. They they are not allowed. Jewish and Christians are not allowed. Of course, besides Muslims. So, others can enter, even Hindus, Buddhists they can enter. They are allowed to enter into that Al-Aqsa Masjid. But Christians and Muslims are not allowed. You will be asked before entering to the I mean mosque complex and if you identify that that you are not a follower of Christianity or Judaism then you will be allowed to enter. So, that is a place of religious dispute. Then that religious dispute was given political color. Now come to the Israel, I mean birth of Israel. So, after Second World War, the where world community was shocked to see the atrocities against followers of Judaism, I mean Jewish people. So, world community and mainly the super powers USA and USSR agreed to give the Jewish people what they deserve. That means the Jewish people would have a homeland of their own. And UNO, I mean United Nations Organization agreed to partition the Palestinian state. But remember, the Holocaust give super powers, I mean because of Holocaust the super powers agreed to partition the Palestinian state, though at that time Palestine was not officially recognized as a state. It was only a region. So, at that time Britain had the mandate of Palestine and the British mandate would be ended and ended on I think 13 or 13 May 1948. And Britain was unable to settle that issue. So, finally Britain because of conflicting demands of Arabs and Jewish people handed that problem to the newly formed United Nations. So, UNO was officially formed in 1945. But that region was controlled by the Britain and the Jewish people were arriving from Europe to settle there and the Arabs were already residing in that region. So, that created a major problem, exodus of large number of Jewish people from the Europe and after World War Two that exodus of Jewish people from Europe accelerated. So, many Jews left Europe to settle in USA and others were returning to their promised land, their divine land. So, that created a huge problems. The Muslim Arab already protesting the arrival of Jewish people and for Muslims and Christians the Jewish people are their enemies. So, Britain was unable to settle it, I mean solve it and the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine was formed and they propose partitioning of Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish state and Jerusalem would be placed under international administration because of the emotion and sensitivity of Jewish people, Christian peoples and Muslims. The Jewish people accepted that plan but Arab states and the Palestinian Arabs refused to accept it and the Christian Palestinian neither accepted that plan nor rejected because for them, for the Palestinian Christians the Jewish people were appearing to be better choice than living with Arabs, Muslim Arabs. So, on May 14, 1948 the British mandate already had ended and the British forces were leaving and the Jewish peoples council gathered in Tel Aviv and they declared the establishment of the state of Israel. That happened on May 14, 1948. Two major super powers, I mean two major powers of the world, USA and USSR both immediately recognized the birth of Israel. The American president Harry Truman was the first leader to recognize it and within few days Joseph Stalin, the dictator of USSR also recognized the birth of Israel. But next day a coalition of five Arab states, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria they invaded Israel. That was the beginning of first Arab Israel war. So, this five Arab states, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria, definitely they were militarily overwhelmingly superior than Israel. Here it must be mentioned that a large number of Arab Christians were residing in Lebanon. So, Lebanon at that time was a Christian majority state and Egypt also had large number of Christians. Iraq also had and Syria had large number of Shia and Druze minorities. So, Israel was invaded within 24 hours of its birth and British, I mean the Britain did not supply weapons to Israel. So, at that time Israelis had no heavy military hardware to fight the Arabs. Fortunately, Czechoslovakia supplied heavy military equipment to Israel and war was erupting in that region.But Israelis were not cowards and they were resisting the aggression of Arabs.For finally the UNO sponsored a truce and the war ended. But that war saw that Israeli forces successfully countered the Arab aggression and part of Jerusalem had come under their occupation. And the West Bank area and Gaza strip basically today we all heard about the Gaza bombings and in the West Bank region the Israelis gained a substantial portion of land. And we may say that Israelis had won the first Arab Israeli war. So because of the partition of the Palestinian region, I mean Palestine, a large number of Arabs were displaced and their homes, their residence were taken over by the Jewish people who had recently arrived from Europe and Palestinians were forced to leave their own homelands and from 1948 a large number of Palestinians have been residing in refugee camps especially in the Gaza and West Bank region and other Palestinians left to settle in Jordan and Syria. But had Palestinian leaders accepted that partition plan then the issues, controversies could have been avoided. The Israelis agreed the Palestinians would have settled permanently and peacefully in today's West Bank and Gaza state.They had to accept it but unfortunately because of religious acrimony the Palestinian people refused to accept Israelis, I mean Jewish people.So and if you read the history then you will find that for thousands of years the Jewish and Palestinians have been fighting. You try to remember the famous story of David and Goliath. So displaced, disgruntled Palestinians immediately created a radical organization which was known as PLO, I mean Palestinian liberation organization under the leadership of Yasser Arafat and with help of other Arab states they continued their armed resistance against the Israeli state. The first seed of terrorism was sown in that region.

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